Abstract:

Evaluation of an industry-based sanitation protocol for full-size transport vehicles contaminated with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

S. A. Dee, DVM, MS, PhD, Diplomate ACVM; John Deen, DVM, MS, PhD, Diplomate ABVP; Carlos Pijoan, DVM, PhD

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Objective: To test a protocol for sanitation of full-size commercial transport vehicles contaminated with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), utilizing conditions found on commercial swine production units. Conditions included use of cold water for washing (21°C), application of a commercial disinfectant via a low-pressure foamer, and rapid completion of ≤ 2 hours.

Materials and methods: Fifteen sites in a trailer were experimentally contaminated with IngelVac PRRS MLV vaccine (Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica Inc, St Joseph, Missouri; total of 5 × 105 median tissue culture infectious doses per site). Ten replicates were conducted. The presence or absence of PRRSV RNA was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of swabs taken from the trailer’s interior before treatment and 120 minutes post treatment. Swabs that were PCR-positive were then evaluated for viable PRRSV by swine bioassay. Treatment consisted of washing with cold water then disinfecting with a 1% solution of modified potassium monopersulfate applied via low-pressure foaming. The trailer was not dried.

Results: In 10 of 150 samples collected across the 10 replicates, PRRSV RNA was detected 120 minutes post treatment. Differences in the percentages of PCR-positive swabs collected at 0 and 120 minutes post treatment in treatment and control replicates were significant (P < .001; Fisher’s exact test). Viable virus was not detected by swine bioassay.

Implication: High-pressure washing of transport trailers, followed by 120 minutes exposure to 1% modified potassium monopersulfate applied with a hydrofoamer, will most likely eliminate residual infectious PRRSV.

Keywords: disinfectant, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, transport vehicle

RIS citationCite as: Dee SA, Deen J, Pijoan C. Evaluation of an industry-based sanitation protocol for full-size transport vehicles contaminated with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. J Swine Health Prod 2006;14(6):307-311.

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